Prehistory

The Paleoindian Period

Humans have probably inhabited North America for at least 12,000 years. Many scientists argue that humanity's arrival in the New World occurred much earlier. It is known that humans were definitely present throughout North America, including Louisiana, by 11,000 years ago. The earliest time of human occupation is commonly referred to as the Paleoindian Period. The word "paleo" means ancient; thus, Paleoindian refers to the ancient or oldest known Indians.

The paleoenvironment (the ancient environment) at Restoration Park was probably quite different from the environment of today. The climate tended to be cooler with more northern-type vegetation and trees such as spruce. The fauna or animals would have been dramatically different from many of the animals of today. Ancient elephant-like mammals known as mammoths and mastodons were present as were other exotic mammals such as sloths, giant beavers, giant bears, giant bison, and tapirs. There were also giant land turtles with carapaces (shells) close to four or five feet long. Unfortunately, most of these animals became extinct by 10,000 years ago.

The Paleoindians were present in northeast Louisiana including the area in which Restoration Park is now located. The Paleoindians probably lived a nomadic life with no permanent camps. They were mainly hunters, especially of the large game or animals of that time. The presence of the Paleoindians in north Louisiana is documented by unique projectile points (man-made stone points that were placed on spears). These projectile points, known as Clovis and Folsom points, were used for hunting large animals or game.