In the online classroom, most communication takes place through writing. What does this mean to online students?

• Written communications can enable you to get to know your instructor and classmates on a deep, rather than just a superficial level. Communicating through the written word enables you to think through your ideas thoroughly before presenting them. And, you can take the time to make sure your words express exactly what you want to say.

• If your writing abilities are limited, you may need to take some additional writing classes before or as part of your online learning experience.

Forums

Many ULM online courses utilize a forum (sometimes referred to as 'discussion boards') available via Moodle. The forum allows students and instructors to "post" and reply to text-based messages. You can post and read messages when it is convenient for you rather than at a scheduled time.

• The forum groups together messages that relate to the same topic in a "threaded discussion". For example, if an instructor posts a question, then each student's individual reply is grouped with the original note.

• Each person's response is displayed for everyone else to see. Perhaps you are interested in something written by one of your classmates; you can post a message in response to your classmate. Don't be surprised if you discover responses to what you've written from several of your classmates!

Email

Email is a great way to communicate at times that are convenient both for you and the recipient. You will probably use email to communicate with your instructor and classmates. Email does have its limitations and it takes some savvy to use it well.

Some things to keep in mind about email:

• Double-check to whom you're sending email. It can be embarrassing when an email that you meant for one person ends up being read by others.

• USING ALL CAPITAL LETTERS in email is equivalent to shouting.

• Always use a meaningful subject line so your readers will have a clear idea of what your message is about and to ensure your email is not "trapped" by the recipient's spam filter.

• Don't forward others' messages without asking first. While you should always write your email messages assuming others may see them, it is considered very rude to forward someone else's message without asking their permission.

• Misunderstandings are more common with email than other communication methods.

When to use the phone instead of email

• When security is necessary. A private conversation or phone call is more secure than email, which can be distributed to many people.

• Email is best for the dissemination of facts. When you're dealing with an emotionally charged subject, you may want to use the phone instead.

• When it's a group discussion (or use chats, bulletin boards, or teleconferences).

• When you're communicating with someone who doesn't read or respond to email regularly and you need an immediate response.

• When it's hard to discuss the topic in writing without being intimidating or rude.

• When you have a series of questions for someone that will take awhile to answer.

Chat

A chat session is like a classroom discussion because the instructor and students are all participating at the same time. But unlike a classroom discussion, you are all working in separate locations from your own computers.

As you can imagine, this can sometimes be a little confusing. You will need to "think on your feet" (or fingers) and type quickly to express your thoughts as you're thinking them. Chats can also be hard to follow. Since each contribution displays when its writer finishes typing, it is easy for conversations to be out of order. Experienced instructors find ways to remedy this: for example, your instructor might ask students to indicate when they have something to say and then call on them to "speak" (type) so the conversation can be more easily followed.

The advantage of chats is that they allow people in separate locations to "talk" to one another in real time.

Netiquette

Netiquette involves special rules of personal conduct that apply to all online communications. Here is a sampling of some of them.

• In general, email and bulletin board messages should be short and to the point (although there are exceptions to this rule, such as assignments that are submitted by email or bulletin board. But generally you'll be submitting assignments as file attachments).

• Make sure to have a meaningful subject line for your email and message board contributions so others will know what to expect.

• Be polite and respectful. It can be tempting to let yourself go in an environment that feels anonymous, but remember that there are real people reading your messages. Good online manners are vital to a productive and supportive online learning environment.

• In the salutation (greeting) of any written and/or verbal correspondence, use your professor's or instructor's title, i.e., Dr. Smith or Professor Smith. Some instructors may not have earned a doctoral degree, so they should be addressed as Mr. Smith or Ms. Smith. Refrain from using your professor or instructor's first name unless they give you explicite permission to do so. When in doubt, just ask your teacher how they would like to be addressed.

• Be tolerant of views expressed by others. Your ULM online classroom may well be bringing you together with people from all over the world. Keep in mind that you probably have something to gain from exposure to views and backgrounds different than your own.

• When reacting to someone else's message, address the ideas, not the person. Again, remember there are real people on the other end.

• Be careful when using sarcasm and humor, and don't include any obscenities in your messages. Without face-to-face communications, people may take your humor personally, and you never know who may be offended by expressions that are commonplace to you.

• Don't send or forward commercial advertisements, spam or "chain-letter" emails to your classmates.